300 B.C.. |
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711 A.D. |
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The Atlantic Creoles The beginning of the Creole of Color in the New World.... Click here
When the Portuguese first sailed down the Atlantic coast of Africa in the 1430's, they were interested in one thing. Surprisingly, given modern perspectives, it was not slaves but gold.. There was a very small market for African slaves as domestic workers in Europe, and as workers on the sugar plantations of the Mediterranean.Rather than trading slaves back to Muslim merchants, there was an emerging market for agricultural workers on the plantationsThe era of European slave trading was about to begin...Source
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1492
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The Conquest and subjugation of the people and Island of Hispanola
between the period of 1492-1496 the Spanish conquerers along with the free Black invaders that accompanied them began there interbreeding wiht the subjucated Indian population which marked the beginning of Hispaniola's Mulatto Race : the First Hispanics of the
Western hemisphere and the forerunners of the Creole Race
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1502 thru
1510 |
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The Invasion and Conquest of Mexico by the Spanish.
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The beginning of French Colonization in the New World.
click here
Giovanni da Verrazano
( French Exployer of Italian descent) the first recorded European to visit the East Coast of the present-day United States
click here
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1530 |
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1590 |
The Term Creole
became a Racial connotation denoting those born in the New World with at least one parent being born in the Old World..Most Generaly a Mixture of all Three Races
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1720 |
The first recorded emancipation of an African slave in Louisiana
The first recorded emancipation of an African slave in Louisiana was that of Louis Congo, who obtained his freedom by accepting a position as colonial executioner in the early 1720s. From the very beginning of its history, free people of color resided in New Orleans.
During the Spanish era of colonial rule the New Orleans free black population grew rapidly. Many owned successful businesses or engaged in the professions and amassed substantial estates that included real, personal, and slave property. Many of New Orleans' shoemakers, cigar makers, ironworkers, furniture makers, and lithographers were free People of Color.
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Jacques
V. OGE
’, free Haitian Creole,
educated
in France, organized military camp in U.S. and returned
to Haiti to lead a slave revolt in 1791; was executed
following his surrender. “Early American Writers”,
Chapel Hill Univ., North Carolina Press (1935)
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Claude
Pierre Thomas METOYER
formed a union with Marie Therese COINCOIN and created the first Creoles of Color in Isle Breville, La. (now
described as Cane River) Nine children
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AUGUSTIN
METOYER
, twin son of Claude Metoyer & Coincoin
along with Louis his brother donated the land for
the first CATHOLIC CHURCH on Isle Breville, La. (now known
as Cane River MARIE THERESE
COINCOIN was a very hardworking woman who with
Claude Pierre’s help purchased the freedom of
all of her children, exported cotton and jute to Africa
and the West indies, amassed acres of property, owned
slaves, all with the help of her sons.
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FRENCH
LOUISIANA TERRITORY
was SOLD to the United States on April 30th for $15,000,000, Rights.
At that time the La. Territory comprised of more than
900,000 acres or l/3 of the United States
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AUGUSTIN
METOYER
, twin son of Claude Metoyer & Coincoin
along with Louis his brother donated the land for
the first CATHOLIC CHURCH on Isle Breville, La. (now known
as Cane River). MARIE THERESE
COINCOIN was a very hardworking woman who with
Claude Pierre’s help purchased the freedom of
all of her children, exported cotton and jute to Africa
and the West indies, amassed acres of property, owned
slaves, all with the help of her sons.
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FRENCH
LOUISIANA TERRITORY
was SOLD to the United States on April 30th for $15,000,000, Rights.
At that time the La. Territory comprised of more than
900,000 acres or l/3 of the United States
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| 1814 |
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1816 |
Sr. HENRIETTE DeLILLE (DeLisle)
was born in New Orleans of
wealthy Creole parentage
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1825 |
EUGENE
WARBOURG- 1825 - 1861
- Noted Sculptor, taught
by Gabriel, a Frenchman under duress. Most outstanding
works: “The Fisherman” and “The First Kiss”
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PAUL
TRAVIGNE
was born; he was a teacher for 40 years
in New Orleans, Editor in Chief ofNEWSPAPER
L’UNION and LA TRIBUNE until 1869 and reported on contraversial issues of his
time
LUCIEN MANSION (nicknamed
Lolo Mansion - renown Poet. His words published in LA
TRIBUNE
and LE CRUSADER, Told of PERSECUTION of Creoles in
1855. He helped many escape the
prejudice financially to flee to Mexico, Northern U.S.,
France and the West Indies
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SISTERS
OF THE HOLY FAMILY
founded by Creole women - HENRIETTE
DeLILLE (DeLisle) JULIETTE GAUDIN and JOSEPHINE
CHARLES
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First CREOLE PUBLICATION
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Rudolph
Lucien Desdunes
, Noted Writer and Creole Historian - Author of “Nos
Hommes et Notre Histoire” (Our People and Our History)
from his book.--”Creoles
of Color played an extraordinary role in both the cultural
& political history of Louisiana - they excelled in
all the major professions. slaves
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CREOLES
PETITIONED
President
LINCOLN for Civil Rights which were granted under
Civil Rights and Political Recognition in La. Legislature
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1864 |
Creoles
DENIED voting rights
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1868 |
Creoles
GAINED voting rights
, full equality and school integration
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1872 |
Lt.
Gov. P.B.S.
PINCHBACK
became Governor of Louisiana (lasted only two months)
His grandson, Jean TOOMER was noted author
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1873 |
C.C. Antoine
became Lt. Governor of Louisiana
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1885 |
LAFCADIO HEARN
noted author, wrote “Gombo Zhebes” Dictionary of Creole proverbs
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1913 |
Sr. FRANCES JEROME WOODS was born in Guthrie, Oklahoma
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1914 |
Felix THIERRY died. He established the first approved public school for Creoles and Blacks in
Plaisance, Louisiana - His daughter is Margaret T. GAUTHIER
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1923- ? |
Gilbert MARTIN , noted Creole author and activist, self-proclaimed licensed architect and attorney-at-law, was born on April 30th, he is founder of the International French-Creole Cultural Society
(IFCCS) and native of New Orleans, La.
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1926- ? |
Mrs. Marion I. FERREIRA Creole Sociologist and Activist, was born January 24 E-mail Address Redbino9@aol.com)
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1945 |
BISHOP CARL A. FISHER, SSJ. was born
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1945 |
Pastor H. O. McCONNELL published the book “You Can Learn Creole”
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1953 |
American Folklore Society published “Haitian Creole; Grammar; Texts; and Vocabulary
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1969 |
Haitian Government granted legal limited status to Creole Language
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1970 |
”Haitian Creole” Advance Course published by Albert VALDMAN
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1972 |
Book published by Sr. JEROME WOODS, “Marginality and Identity”, a study of a group of multiracial individuals and their marginal identity, using model of Cane River’s Creoles of Color.
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1972 |
J.A . ROGERS published “Sex and Race”, the beauty of Creole mixtures.
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1973 |
”Area Handbook for HAITIAN CREOLE LANGUAGE’” by Foreign Areas Studies of American Studies
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1975 |
United Bible Societies published the New Testament with Psalms in Haitian Creole.
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1977 |
GARY MILLS, author and genealogist, published the book “The Forgotten People, Cane River’s Creoles of Color”, True history of the lives of these sanguilineal Creole people
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1979 |
THE INTERNATIONAL FRENCH-CREOLE CULTURAL SOCIETY, (IFCCS) filed charter Nov. 14 Gilbert E. MARTIN, Founder and Executive Director
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1979 |
ANN RICE, , New Orleans author, published “The Feast of All Saints” which told about the lives
of Creoles before the Civil War, in the 1840’s, Part history and fiction
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1983 |
The First METOYER /CANE RIVER Descendants Family Reunion in Los Angeles, CA , sponsored by
Mrs. Marion I. FERREIRA August 5, 6 and 7, at the Cockatoo Inn, in Hawthorne, CA (300 Creoles in
attendance) Guest Speaker, Sr. JEROME WOODS covered by the Los Angeles Times
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1987 |
BAYOU TALK Creole/Cajun Newspaper first publication, Louis METOYER Editor in Chief
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1988 |
Gilbert E. MARTIN , Creole Author and Activist, published “PASSE POUR BLANC’ (Passing forWhite) fiction based on his experiences
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1989 |
Gilbert E. MARTIN , Creole Author and Activist, published “The Creole Story - From the Senegal to the Mississippi” - Creole History
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1991 |
First Annual Mardi Gras Ball held at the Baldwin Hills Plaza Mall in Los Angeles sponsored by GAGNIER’S Restaurant and the Bayou Talk Creole/Cajun Newspaper, Louis METOYER editor
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1992 |
Second Annual MARDI GRAS Ball held at the Plaza
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1992 |
FESTIVAL International de Louisiane, held in Lafayette, La. (318-232-8086)
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1992 |
Vincent MOTT, , pen name Lucien St. Andre, published “The Creole” experiences of a Cajun/Creole in La. during the Depression era - part history and fiction
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1992 |
SR. JEROME WOODS, died on August 9, 1992, wrote “The Values of Creole Youths” also
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1992 |
GILBERT MARTIN, Founder of IFCCS, first met with Creoles of Los Angeles to discuss his fight for CREOLE RIGHTS and IDENTITY
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1992 |
Mrs. Marion FERREIRA, appointed Regional Director of the Los Angeles, CA area
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1993 |
BISHOP CARL A. FISHER, SSJ., a Creole, died. He was officiating over the southwestern dioceses of California, Bishop Fisher was a native of Mississippi
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1993 |
Third Annual MARDI GRAS Ball held at the Plaza
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1993 |
Third Annual CREOLE PICNIC , Sponsored by the SOCIALITES, Gilbert E. MARTIN meets with the Creoles and . get 100’s of signatures requesting CREOLE RIGHTS recognition by CATHOLIC Black dignitaries (IFCCS) Such requests were DENIED, Letter to Gilbert MARTIN such requests DENIED
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1993 |
Plans underway to Preserve Cane River and surrounding historical areas as a National Historic Park, dedicated to the Creoles of Cane River and all others in the US
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1993 |
A CREOLE PLAY, “Inside the Creole Mafia” produced. Mark BROYARD, Creole actor and vocalist, along with Guenevere SMITH , noted actor and TV star, at the Fountainhead Theater in Los Angeles, CA
The play was a comedy spoof on “Being Creole” which was well received by spectators
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1993 |
Gov. Ann RICHARDS of Texas proclaimed January 22, 1993 as Creole Heritage Day
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1993 |
TOM REED, Host of Members Only, and other psychologists interviewed Phillip Francis, a Creole, on Channel 18, television, and went on record to say that ‘THERE’S NO SUCH THING AS ONE BEING A
CREOLE, THERE’S NO CULTURE BUT THE AFRICAN-AMERICAN CULTURE, and went on record
pressuring Philip to agree with them !!!(Think they should check on some of thede dates in history????)
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1994 |
Mayor Tom BRADLEY, of Los Angeles, CA proclaimed January 22, 1994 as Creole Heritage Day
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1994 |
Leon AUBRY Founder of the Jefferson Council organization, a La. Creole based charitable organization died, January 4, a former native of New Orleans, a fighter for Creole Rights and benefactor to all
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1994 |
Emily HOLLAND Cane River descendant, 99 years olf; born 7-5-1894 and died on Jan. 2, l994, Was awarded a trophy for being the oldest female descendant in the Western Region, Los Angeles, CA at
The Metoyer/Cane River Descendants Family Reunion in 1983
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1994 |
Morgan METOYER , 82 at the time, was awarded a trophy for being the oldest male descendant in the Western Region, Los Angeles, CA at the Metoyer/Cane River Descendants Family Reunion in 1983
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1994 |
Lenita LEDAY, 7 months old at the time, was awarded a trophy for being the youngest female descendant in the Western Region, ibid, the daughter of Edgar LEDAY and Linda
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1994 |
Auxilliary BISHOP LEONARD J. OLIVIER, SVD., was ordained in Washington, DC, native of Lake Charles, La., 13th non-white Bishop to be ordained. Was celebrant at the Mass of Creole Heritage
held at St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church of Los Angeles, CA BISHOP HAROLD PERRY, SVD was first Creole Bishop to be ordained, now deceased, native of Lake Charles, La.GEORGE McKENNA, was Superintendant of Inglewood, CA Schools, now Superintendant of Compton, CA Schools, native of New Orleans, La
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2001
Eloges, Ora, Coralie Oliver/Metoyer
1893-1992 New IberiaEloges, Ora, Coralie Oliver/Metoyer
1893-1992 New Iberia, La.,
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FRENCHCREOLES.com Website contributed by BARON AUGUSTINE (COMEAUX), Architect and Creole Activist |
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